Archives July 2025

New Delhi, July 15, 2025 — HMD T21 Tablet—a perfect blend of power, design, and innovation, now available exclusively on HMD.com. T21 is built to cater to users looking for a dependable, high-performance tablet that excels in work, entertainment, and creative pursuits.

Key Features & Highlights:

· Stunning 10.36” 2K Display: Enjoy immersive visuals with a bright, vibrant screen certified with SGS low blue light for strain-free viewing.

· Entertainment & Kids Space: Stream HD content on Netflix and explore curated content for children, fostering curiosity and creativity.

· Enhanced Audio Experience: OZO Audio playback delivers immersive sound with background noise reduction.

· Advance camera feature with 8MP front and rear camera: The camera features 8MP rear and front camera with autofocus and LED flash, perfect for work or play.

· Productivity on the Go: Features a Second Screen for PC, supporting extended display and multitasking, alongside active pen support for creative pursuits.

· Powerful Performance: Equipped with an octa-core Unisoc T612 processor, 8GB RAM, 128GB internal storage (expandable up to 512GB), and 8200mAh all-day battery with in-box 18W fast charger.

· Connectivity & Communication: Supports 4G voice calling, SMS, dual SIM, and fast Wi-Fi connectivity.

· Durability & Design: IP52-rated for water and dust resistance, crafted with eco-friendly materials including aluminum and recycled plastics.

· Security & Software: Runs on Android 13 and Android 14 upgrade is already rolled out.

· Additional Features: Face unlock, dual stereo speakers, Google Kids Space, Netflix HD certification, Active Pen Support, and Google’s trusted enterprise recommendations.

On this occasion, Ravi Kunwar, VP and CEO, HMD India and APAC commented, “The T21 is our second exclusive product on HMD.com following the successful Barbie phone launch, and we’re excited to bring it directly to our consumers. Built for versatility, durability, and everyday demands, the T21 embodies our vision of purposeful innovation. Whether for work, entertainment, or creativity, it’s a reliable companion—and marks another strong step in our direct-to-consumer journey. Also, now With HMD.com website serving as our official brand store, the users can have a direct firsthand experience of the product. This initiative has not only strengthened our direct-to-consumer journey but has also made accessing our latest innovations easier and more convenient for everyone”

A Tablet Built for Every Need

Whether you’re working, streaming, creating, or managing your family’s digital space, the HMD T21 offers everything you’d expect—and then some. Its sleek design, robust features, and exclusive availability on HMD.com make it the ideal choice for tech enthusiasts and everyday users alike.

Exciting Update: HMD Fusion Gaming Offer Goes Live on July 17, 2025

Already available exclusively on HMD.com, the HMD Fusion just got even more exciting. Starting Thursday, 17th July 2025, buyers can unlock an exclusive gaming bundle that includes:

2 months of FREE cloud gaming with Blacknut, giving access to 500+ games along with the 3 Gaming, Flashy and Casual outfits

This limited-time offer is designed to supercharge your mobile gaming experience—only on HMD.com.

Stay tuned for more details on the exciting milestones HMD has planned for 2025.

GURUGRAM, India – July 15 2025: Samsung, India’s largest consumer electronics brand, has introduced the Bespoke AI Laundry Combo- an all-in-one AI-powered washer-dryer that combines AI innovation with Heat Pump Drying technology, an intuitive AI Home Display, and seamless SmartThings connectivity. Designed to simplify laundry routines, Combo delivers intelligent care, enhanced convenience, and improved energy efficiency in one sleek appliance. As part of the 2025 Bespoke AI home appliance line-up, Laundry Combo represents a significant leap in connected home infrastructure – merging high-efficiency engineering with intelligent automation to deliver precision fabric care within a unified, AI-powered smart ecosystem.

Built for India’s evolving households and compact living spaces, the Bespoke AI Laundry Combo removes the guesswork from laundry. It automates every step from wash to dry using AI sensors and smart algorithms to adapt to each cycle based on load weight, fabric type, and soil level. The result being Optimized cleaning, reduced wear and tear, and consistent drying all with minimal user intervention.

Built to meet the demands of modern, connected lifestyles, the Bespoke AI Laundry Combo leverages intelligent automation and data-driven performance to optimize fabric care with minimal user intervention.

Here’s how it sets a new benchmark in AI-powered home care for the Indian market:

• AI Wash & Dry: Automatically detects and adjusts settings based on the load’s weight, fabric composition, and dirt level ensuring precision cleaning and drying without manual input.
• Heat Pump Drying: Gently reuses warm air to cut down on energy use by up to 75%, while protecting fabric quality and reducing shrinkage.
• Super Speed Cycle: Wash and dry a standard load in just 98 minutes ideal for fast-paced routines.
• 7-Inch AI Home Display: A central touchscreen interface that offers cycle suggestions, energy reports, maintenance alerts, and a Map View of all connected Samsung appliances.
• Flex Auto Dispense: Stores detergent for up to 32 loads, dispensing just the right amount each time for better cleaning and no wastage.
• Auto Open Door: Releases humid air post-cycle to prevent odors and boost post-wash freshness.

With multi-layered protection powered by Samsung Knox, users can count on data security across every touchpoint. Meanwhile, with Smart Forward capabilities, the appliance stays up to date with the latest software enhancements ensuring future-ready performance from the day of purchase.

STAMFORD, Conn., July 15, 2025 — Worldwide PC shipments totaled more than 63 million units in the second quarter of 2025, a 4.4% increase from the second quarter of 2024, according to preliminary results by Gartner, Inc.

Expert Take:

“In the second quarter of 2025, enterprise demand outpaced consumer demand, underpinned by Windows 11 migrations and pandemic-era desktop renewals, while consumer refreshes slowed as buyers deferred purchases,” said Rishi Padhi, Research Principal at Gartner. “PC shipments are forecast to rise 2.4% in 2025, propelled by a tariff-driven front-loaded inventory surge in the first half of 2025 in the U.S., and ongoing Windows 11 replacement cycles in the rest of the world. In the second half of 2025, shipment growth is expected to plateau as vendors draw down stock in response to demand, potentially creating excess inventory by year-end.

“From a regional perspective, North America PC shipments declined 0.5% in the second quarter of 2025, compared to the same time last year,” said Padhi. “The total PC market in APAC remained flat year-over-year, which is a slight improvement after consecutive quarters of decline. Meanwhile, the EMEA PC market grew 5.3% year-over-year. This illustrates signs of a modest recovery and stronger-than-usual seasonal demand. The Windows 11 refresh cycle remains a key driver, particularly for desktop replacements. However, the expected surge in new device purchases has been subdued, as many organizations opt to update existing PCs to Windows 11 rather than invest in new hardware.”

There were no major changes in the top five vendor rankings worldwide in the second quarter of 2025 (see Table 1). Lenovo saw the strongest growth in global PC shipments among the top five vendors at 13.9% year-over-year.

Table 1: Gartner Data Snapshot: Preliminary Worldwide PC Vendor Unit Shipment Estimates for 2Q25 (Thousands of Units)

Notes: Data includes desktop and laptop PCs that are equipped with Windows, macOS and Chrome OS. All data is estimated based on a preliminary study. Final estimates will be subject to change. The statistics are based on shipments selling into channels. Numbers may not add up to totals shown due to rounding.

Source: Gartner (July 2025)

New Delhi, 15 July 2025: The 15th Indian Houseware Show 2025, organized by Steel Market info at Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi from 12th to 14th July, concluded successfully today, Monday. The final day of the exhibition witnessed a large turnout of visitors. Traders and visitors from across the country, especially those connected with the steel industry, showed keen interest and enthusiasm at the exhibition.

During the event, several importers and business delegates engaged in commercial activities and signed agreements with exhibiting companies. The three-day B2B show, organized by Steel Market Info, showcased a wide range of houseware products made from steel, brass, and other metals. It also featured an extensive collection of artistically designed modern utensils.

More than 130 exhibitors from India and abroad participated in the show, and over 10,000 visitors including traders and importers attended the event over the three days. A grand ceremony was held to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Steel Market Info, where a special edition was officially launched.

Among the star attractions at the exhibition were a 100-liter pressure cooker priced at ₹14,000, elegant brass utensils, a 24-carat gold-plated cutlery set, decorative gift utensil sets, a stunning Radha-Krishna statue, designer water tanks, and a brass chessboard, all of which drew significant attention.

Popular brands like Jindal Stainless Ltd. (Main Associate), Balsara, Ambika, Milton, Prestige, TTK, Signoraware, and Saurabh displayed their latest and most advanced products. These included cookware, home and kitchen appliances, gift items, machinery, and accessories. The exhibition received subsidy support from the *Ministry of MSME under the PMS Scheme* of the Government of India.

Organizer R.L. Chaudhary stated, “The houseware products were greatly appreciated by the visitors, and the participating companies were very satisfied with the business opportunities they received here. Especially, the interest in traditional and handcrafted items has grown remarkably. Our mission is to promote Indian products globally through this platform.”

It is noteworthy that R.L. Chaudhary, a retired army officer, is also the Chief Editor of Steel Market Info. He mentioned that since its inception in 2010, the show has been organized in various cities across India, with 622 exhibitors and over 20,000 traders from 66 cities having participated so far. Additionally, 98 exhibitors from 8 foreign countries and 330 traders from 61 nations have taken part in the past editions.

He added that “Steel Market Info” is India’s first and only quarterly magazine dedicated to the stainless steel houseware industry. For the past 25 years, it has been bridging the gap between manufacturers and traders. The magazine is read in 1,073 cities in India and has readers in 150 countries. Its international editions are distributed at 10 major trade fairs worldwide, helping Indian products gain global recognition.

R.L. Chaudhary also acknowledged the valuable support of trade organizations like the Delhi Utensil Traders Association, Wazirpur Utensil Manufacturers Association, and the Deputygunj Stainless Steel Utensils Traders Association, which significantly contributed to making the event grand and impactful.

Delhi/July 15, 2025 — With telecom compliance under increasing regulatory pressure in India, enterprises are re-evaluating the resilience and legality of their contact center infrastructure. In this context, Simple2Call, a US-based Contact Center-as-a-Service (CCaaS) provider, has launched its AI-powered, private cloud-hosted Contact Center Suite (CCS) in India, designed to meet evolving regulatory and operational demands.

The move comes amid rising enforcement by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), which has imposed penalties and issued shutdowns to vendors offering unlicensed telecom and contact center services. In August 2024, several Indian businesses faced communication blackouts lasting up to 10 days due to vendor non-compliance — highlighting the business risk of relying on loosely regulated or unlicensed CCaaS platforms.

Simple2Call, which holds a valid Unified License – Virtual Network Operator (UL-VNO) and contributes the required 8% license fee to the Indian government, offers a compliance-first platform. This aligns with the increasing need for enterprise IT and operations leaders to ensure telecom infrastructure is not only scalable but also fully aligned with legal, IT Security and Data Privacy frameworks.

The Contact Center Suite (CCS) is built on a proprietary stack, not an open source software. It is hosted on a private cloud and integrates omni channel routing, AI automation, digital engagement, and real-time analytics. The platform is designed to abstract the complexity of managing separate IT, telecom, and software layers — an area of friction for many traditional deployments.

Data security and compliance are built into the core architecture, with certifications including ISO 27001, ISO 27701, and PCI DSS. This ensures enterprise-grade protection for sensitive data across industries such as banking, insurance, IT services, and BPOs.

Early adopters have reported operational improvements. A private bank saw a 15–20% rise in debt recovery, while a leading BPO reported 30% improvement in call connect ratios. An IT services firm cited 40% reduction in technology costs, and an insurance provider achieved 30% savings in operating expenses while scaling call volumes by 20%.

The platform also includes a dedicated enterprise support model. In addition to 24/7 phone, email, and chat support, Simple2Call offers a tailored customer success program for large accounts, including priority response and proactive service reviews.

“Over 40+ years, we have created a proven global track record of delivering what we promise,” said Hemant R. Patel, Founder and CEO of Simple2Call. “Contact center systems are no longer just communication tools—they are part of a broader CX and compliance strategy. The regulatory landscape requires platforms that can keep pace not only with customer expectations but also with telecom and data privacy governance.” he added.

India’s CCaaS market is evolving alongside broader trends in AI adoption, data protection, and hybrid cloud infrastructure. Gartner forecasts that by 2026, 60% of large organizations will adopt cloud contact center platforms that prioritize regulatory compliance and AI integration — a shift that mirrors current enterprise priorities in India.

As regulatory oversight tightens and customer interaction volumes continue to grow, the demand for secure, compliant, and AI-enabled platforms is expected to accelerate. With CCS, Simple2Call aims to offer a single-partner solution that addresses both operational efficiency and regulatory alignment.

Mumbai / Shillong, 14th July 2025: A high-level 8-member delegation from Lulu Group International, led by Mr. Salim M.A., Director, Global Operations, visited Meghalaya for a series of strategic engagements aimed at strengthening international market linkages for the state’s agricultural products. The visit follows the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Lulu Group International and the Meghalaya State Agricultural Marketing Board (MSAMB) in November 2023 at World Food India, New Delhi, facilitated by APEDA. Over the past two years, MSAMB has proactively facilitated the export of GI-tagged Khasi Mandarin, Pineapple, and Ginger through both air and sea routes.

Hon’ble Chief Minister Shri Conrad Sangma met with Mr. Salim MA, Director, Global Operations – Lulu Group International.

The delegation held an official meeting with the Shri Conrad K. Sangma, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Meghalaya, Dr. Mazel Ampareen Lyngdoh, Hon’ble Minister of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare, and senior secretaries from the Department. Discussions centred around expanding global market access for Meghalaya’s agricultural products, increasing farmer incomes, and scaling up agri-export infrastructure.

The Hon’ble Chief Minister assured the delegation of full government support in maximizing this partnership. He emphasized the importance of leveraging Meghalaya’s unique agro-climatic conditions and traditional practices to create a strong brand identity in global markets.

“Our focus is on ensuring maximum efficiency with the investments we make, so that the volume of products reaching international markets continues to grow,” said Shri Conrad K. Sangma, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Meghalaya. “As a government, we are fully committed to this partnership. Meghalaya is an agro-based society, and our produce, especially the GI-tagged and organic varieties, are unique to this region. These products have immense potential, and we are determined to take them to global platforms. Today, we are witnessing significant growth in production, organic certification, and farmer collectivization. A great deal of groundwork is already in motion, and we are building on that momentum to ensure long-term gains for our farmers,” he added.

In recent years, the Government of Meghalaya has taken bold and innovative steps to establish direct export channels for the state’s unique agricultural products, particularly those with Geographical Indication (GI) tags and certified organic status. These efforts are transforming Meghalaya into a key agri-export hub from the Northeast region of India.

In a pioneering move last year, the State Government facilitated the first-ever direct export of GI-tagged Khasi Mandarin to Dubai via air cargo from Guwahati Customs, effectively bypassing conventional routes like Mumbai’s sea ports and airports. This marked a breakthrough in agri-export logistics from the region, ensuring faster and more efficient transportation of perishable, high-value produce.

Building on this success, direct exports of pineapple consignments were also initiated, with Air India Cargo managing the shipment directly from Guwahati. These interventions reflect the Government’s strong commitment to streamlining export infrastructure and reducing turnaround times for both farmers and international buyers.

To date, Meghalaya has successfully exported over 13 metric tons of GI-tagged Khasi Mandarin and 10 metric tons of Pineapple to markets in the Middle East, reinforcing the state’s reputation for high-quality and fresh produce.

Further elevating Meghalaya’s presence in international markets, the first-ever sea shipment of 15 metric tons of organic ginger was successfully dispatched to Dubai in March 2025, facilitated by the Meghalaya State Agricultural Marketing Board (MSAMB) in collaboration with the Eastern Ri-Bhoi Organic Farmer Producer Company. This shipment showcased the scalability, traceability, and global readiness of Meghalaya’s organic value chains.

These pioneering export efforts, anchored in partnerships with global retail leaders like Lulu Group International, are a testament to the Government’s vision of unlocking premium markets, enhancing farmer incomes, and placing Meghalaya’s unique produce on the global map.

To further build on this success, a team comprising officials from the Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare and eight progressive farmers from across the state undertook a Market Exposure Visit to Dubai from 16th to 18th March 2025. The visit was designed to provide first-hand insights into international trade practices, pricing strategies, and quality expectations from global buyers. Farmers interacted with wholesale buyers at Aweer Market, participated in a promotional showcase at the Our Wellness Village Café in Sharjah, and witnessed their products being displayed at Lulu Hypermarket, Silicon Oasis, alongside leading international brands.

This initiative was not only a testament to the Government of Meghalaya’s vision of integrating its farmers into global value chains but also helped lay the foundation for lasting trade relationships with major retail groups such as Lulu. The experience enabled farmers to better understand global consumer preferences, branding standards, and packaging benchmarks- key areas that are now being addressed in collaboration with Lulu Group and other partners.

These strategic efforts reflect the broader goal of the state to create sustainable, high-value market opportunities for Meghalaya’s farmers while positioning the state as a competitive player in the international organic and GI-tagged product space.

Chandigarh, 14th July 2025: Orient Cables (India) Limited is a manufacturing company with a primary focus on networking cables and passive networking equipment, operating for nearly two decades and catering to high-growth industries including broadband, telecom, data centres, renewable energy, smart building automation/ security, system integration, FMEG and automotive. The company manufacture a diverse range of products, under the following broad segments- Networking Cables and Solutions; Specialty Power, Optical Fibre Cables and Solutions; and Other Allied Products.

Orient Cables (India) Limited has filed its Draft Red Herring Prospectus (“DRHP”) with market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”). The Company plans to raise funds through initial public offerings comparing of the total offer size of equity shares (face value ₹1 each) aggregating up to ₹7000 million (₹700 Crore). (“Total Issue Size”)

The offer comprises of fresh issue of equity shares aggregating up to ₹3200 million (₹320 crore) (The “Fresh Issue”) and offer for sale by Selling Shareholders aggregating up to ₹3800 million (₹380 Crore) (The “Offer for Sale”).

The Company proposes to utilize the net proceeds towards funding – (i) Funding of capital expenditure requirements of the Company towards purchase of machinery, equipment and civil works at its manufacturing facilities estimated amount to be ₹ 915 million [₹ 91.50 crore]; (ii) Repayment or prepayment, in full or in part, of all or a portion of certain outstanding borrowings availed by the Company estimated amount to be ₹1555 million [₹ 155.50 crores] and balance amount towards general corporate purposes. (The “Object of Issue”).

According to the 1Lattice Report, Orient Cables is one of the fastest growing players in the wires and cables industry* with a revenue CAGR of approximately 23.18% from Fiscal 2023 to Fiscal 2025. while the average revenue CAGR of its peers was approximately 11.48% during Fiscal 2023 to Fiscal 2025.

The Equity Shares that will be offered through the Red Herring Prospectus are proposed to be listed on the BSE Limited (“BSE”) and National Stock Exchange of India Limited (“NSE”). (The “Listing Details”)

IIFL Capital Services Limited and JM Financial Limited are the Book Running Lead Managers to the issue. (The “BRLMs”)

Chandigarh, India, 14^th July 2025 – InMobi today announced the appointment of Gaurav Jain as Head of Ad Revenue for Asia Pacific (APAC), as the company strengthens its leadership in a strategically important market. In this role, Jain will drive the advertising revenue charter across InMobi’s diverse portfolio, including InMobi Exchange, InMobi DSP, and Glance AI, the company’s pioneering AI commerce platform that is reimagining how the world shops.

A seasoned leader with a rare blend of deep technical expertise and sharp commercial acumen, Jain brings more than two decades of experience across some of the world’s most innovative technology companies. He has held senior leadership roles at Google, Meta, and Snap, where he was instrumental in scaling revenue operations across Asia. Most recently, he served as Chief Business Officer at ShareChat, where he played a key role in shaping India’s short-form video ecosystem. He began his professional journey as a software engineer at NVIDIA, which laid the foundation for his strong product- and platform-first mindset.

“Asia represents one of the most dynamic and innovative advertising landscapes globally,” said Kunal Nagpal, Chief Business Officer, InMobi Advertising, and Glance. “Gaurav’s deep experience at some of the world’s leading tech companies, where he successfully led large-scale transformations, makes him an ideal leader to drive our integrated go-to-market strategy in the region. We’re excited to welcome him to the team.”

“InMobi’s bold vision to reimagine advertising through AI and immersive consumer experiences truly resonates with me,” said Gaurav Jain. “The opportunity to lead growth in a diverse and high-potential region like APAC is incredibly exciting. I look forward to partnering with our teams, customers, and ecosystem to unlock the next phase of value creation.”

Jain’s appointment marks a significant step in InMobi’s ongoing strategy to unify its monetization efforts across InMobi Exchange, DSP, SSP, and Glance under a single, integrated go-to-market framework. This move reinforces the company’s commitment to delivering cohesive, partner-first solutions in an increasingly dynamic advertising ecosystem.

Year-on-year CPI inflation for June 2025 has softened to 2.10%, marking lowest year-on-year inflation recorded since January 2019, providing a substantial boost to households, businesses, and India’s growth, said Mr. Hemant Jain, President, PHDCCI, in a press statement issued here today.

The CPI inflation is following a continuously easing trajectory, from 6.2% in October 2024 to 5.4% in November 2024, to 5.2% in December 2024, 4.26% in January 2025, 2.82% in May 2025 and now 2.10% in June 2025, posing a decline of 72 basis points in headline inflation of June, 2025 in comparison to May, 2025, he said.

The significant decline in headline inflation and food inflation during the month of June, 2025, is mainly attributed to decline in inflation of Vegetables, Pulses and Products, Meat and Fish, Cereals and products, Sugar and confectionery, Milk and products and Spices, said Mr. Hemant Jain.

Moving ahead, assuming a normal monsoon, CPI inflation is expected to remain well within the RBI’s target band, said Mr. Jain.

Tiger Analytics and Chandragupt Institute of Management Patna (CIMP) Announce Strategic Partnership with Focus on AI in Governance and Public Administration

Patna, Bihar – July 14th, 2025 – Tiger Analytics, a leading global advanced analytics and AI firm, and Chandragupt Institute of Management Patna (CIMP), an autonomous institution established with the support of the Government of Bihar, are proud to announce the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to foster collaboration in the fields of Data, Analytics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The MoU signing, chaired by the Hon’ble Chief Minister of Bihar, Shri Nitish Kumar, took place during the inauguration of CIMP’s PGDM Batch 2025–27 orientation program, which aims to drive innovation, enhance research opportunities, and build capacity in these critical areas.

This partnership marks a pivotal step in enabling AI-led transformation in governance, policymaking, and public administration across India. The collaboration will leverage the expertise of both organizations to address complex challenges and promote a culture of continuous learning.

A key aspect of this MoU is the direct application of AI in various governmental functions. CIMP, being an institution established by the Government of Bihar, will partner with different government departments on AI-led governance. Tiger Analytics, with its global expertise in advanced data analytics and AI, will accelerate the execution and adoption of AI solutions through this collaboration. This collaboration paves the pathway for AI solutions to be developed and implemented in government operations, enabling informed policymaking and efficient administration.

Key Highlights of the Partnership
● Collaborate on research & development in data analytics, AI, and public policy solutions.

● Develop skill-building programs in partnership with CIMP on emerging trends in data analytics & management.

● Establish of a state-of-the-art AI Lab with CIMP, serving as a hub for innovation to support local entrepreneurship on AI and related technologies

● Implement applied AI Projects with Bihar government departments to drive real-world impact in areas such as policy effectiveness, resource allocation, and citizen services.

“We are excited to partner with CIMP to not only advance the broader landscape of data, analytics, and AI in India but to specifically address the critical need for AI integration within citizen services,” said Badrish Prakash, Vice President – Global Head, Tiger Analytics. “This collaboration provides a unique opportunity to apply our expertise in artificial intelligence and data analytics to real-world government projects, driving efficiency, transparency, and impactful outcomes for the public.”

Professor (Dr.) Rana Singh, Director at CIMP, added, “This MoU with Tiger Analytics marks a significant step towards fostering innovation and excellence in the field of management. By combining CIMP’s academic rigor and our unique position in Bihar with Tiger Analytics’ deep expertise in advanced analytics, we are confident in creating impactful opportunities for our students, researchers, and the broader community in leveraging AI for effective governance, informed policymaking, and streamlined public administration.”

The partnership envisions a digitally empowered public sector, where AI supports informed decision-making, bringing speed, transparency, and agility to government functions. It will also help develop AI-ready talent and position Bihar as a progressive hub for governance innovation.